Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Instructions: Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination
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- Select a community organization or group that you feel would be interested in learning about ethical and policy issues that affect the coordination of care. Then, develop and record a 10-12-slide, 20-minute presentation, with audio, intended for that audience. Create a detailed narrative script or speakers notes for your presentation, 4-5 pages in length. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Introduction
As coordinators of care, nurses must be aware of the code of ethics for nurses and health policy issues that affect the coordination of care within the context of the community. To help patients navigate the continuum of care, nurses must be proficient at interpreting and applying the code of ethics for nurses and health policy, specifically, the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Being knowledgeable about ethical and policy issues helps ensure that care coordinators are upholding ethical standards and navigating policy issues that affect patient care.
This assessment provides an opportunity for you to develop a presentation for a local community organization of your choice, which provides an overview of ethical standards and relevant policy issues that affect the coordination of care. Completing this assessment will strengthen your understanding of ethical issues and policies related to the coordination and continuum of care, and will empower you to be a stronger advocate and nursing professional.
It would be an excellent choice to complete the Vila Health: Ethical Decision Making activity prior to developing the presentation. The activity provides a helpful update on the ethical principles that will help with success in this assessment. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Preparation
Your nurse manager at the community care center is well connected and frequently speaks to a variety of community organizations and groups. She has noticed the good work you are doing in your new care coordination role and respects your speaking and presentation skills. Consequently, she thought that an opportunity to speak publicly about contemporary issues in care coordination would be beneficial for your career and has suggested reaching out to a community organization or support group to gauge their interest in hearing from you, as a care center representative, on a topic of interest to both you and your prospective audience.
You have agreed that this is a good idea and have decided to research a community organization or support group that might be interested in learning about ethical and policy issues related to the coordination of care. Your manager has suggested the following community organizations and support groups, but acknowledges that the choice is yours. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
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- Homeless shelters.
- Local religious groups.
- Nursing homes.
- Local community organizations (Rotary Club or Kiwanis Club).
To prepare for this assessment, you may wish to:
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- Research your selected community organization or support group.
- Review the Code of Ethics for Nurses With Interpretive Statements and associated health policy issues, specifically, the ACA.
- Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide to ensure you understand the work you will be asked to complete.
- Allocate sufficient time to rehearse your presentation before recording the final version for submission.
Recording Equipment Setup and Testing
Check that your audio speaker and PowerPoint software are working properly. You can record audio directly to your slides, using PowerPoint or other presentation software.
Note: Technical support about the use of PowerPoint, including voice recording and speaker notes, can be found on Campus’s Microsoft Office Software page. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
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- If using Kaltura, refer to the Using Kaltura tutorial for directions on recording and uploading your presentation in the courseroom.
Note: If you require the use of assistive technology or alternative communication methods to participate in this activity, please contact DisabilityServices@capella.edu to request accommodations.
Instructions
For this assessment:
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- Choose the community organization or support group that you plan to address.
- Develop a PowerPoint with typed speaker notes (the script for your voice recording) and audio voice-over recording, intended for that audience. Video is not required.
Note: PowerPoint has a feature to type the speaker notes directly into the presentation. You are encouraged to use that feature or you may choose to submit a separate document. See Microsoft Office Software for technical support about the use of PowerPoint, including voice recording and speaker notes. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
For this assessment, develop your presentation slides and speaker notes, then record your presentation. You are not required to deliver your presentation to an actual audience.
Presentation Format and Length
You may use PowerPoint (recommended) or other suitable presentation software to create your slides and add your voice over. If you elect to use an application other than PowerPoint, check with your faculty to avoid potential file compatibility issues.
Be sure that your slide deck includes the following slides:
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- Title slide.
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- Presentation title.
- Your name.
- Date.
- Course number and title.
- References (at the end of your presentation).
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Your slide deck should consist of 10–12 slides, not including a title and references slide with typed speaker notes and audio voice over. Your presentation should not exceed 20 minutes.
Create a detailed narrative script for your presentation, approximately 4–5 pages in length.
Supporting Evidence
Cite 3–5 credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications to support your presentation. Include your source citations on a references page appended to your narrative script. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Grading Requirements
The requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Scoring Guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed.
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- Explain how governmental policies related to the health and/or safety of the community affect the coordination of care.
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- Provide examples of a specific policy affecting the organization or group.
- Refer to the assessment resources for help in locating relevant policies.
- Be sure influential policies include the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA).
- Identify national, state, and local policy provisions that raise ethical questions or dilemmas for care coordination.
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- What are the implications and consequences of specific policy provisions?
- What evidence do you have to support your conclusions?
- Assess the impact of the code of ethics for nurses on the coordination and continuum of care.
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- Consider the factors that contribute to health, health disparities, and access to services.
- Consider the social determinants of health identified in Healthy People 2020 as a framework for your assessment.
- Provide evidence to support your conclusions.
- Communicate key ethical and policy issues in a presentation affecting the coordination and continuum of care for a selected community organization or support group. Either speaker notes or audio voice-over are included for a proficient score; both speaker notes and the audio voice over are included for a distinguished score. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
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- Present a concise overview.
- Support your main points and conclusions with relevant and credible evidence.
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Additional Requirements
Before submitting your assessment, proofread your presentation slides and speaker notes to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your presentation.
Portfolio Prompt: Save your presentation to your ePortfolio. Submissions to the ePortfolio will be part of your final Capstone course.
Competencies Measured
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:
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- Competency 4: Defend decisions based on the code of ethics for nursing.
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- Assess the impact of the code of ethics for nurses on the coordination and continuum of care.
- Competency 5: Explain how health care policies affect patient-centered care.
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- Explain how governmental policies related to the health and/or safety of a community affect the coordination of care.
- Identify national, state, and local policy provisions that raise ethical questions or dilemmas for care coordination.
- Competency 6: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead patient-centered care.
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- Communicate key ethical and policy issues in a presentation affecting the coordination and continuum of care for a selected community organization or support group. Either speaker notes or audio voice-over are included. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
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Narrative Script
Slide one: introduction of the presenter
Slide 2: This presentation aims at addressing various ethical, legal, and policy aspects of care coordination in a nursing home setting. Firstly, I will define ethics, policy, and care coordination. This presentation also addresses the government policies related to the health of the community that affects the coordination of care in nursing homes. Thirdly, I will also describe the national, state, and local policy provisions that raise ethical questions or dilemmas for care coordination in nursing homes. The fourth objective is to explain the impact of the code of ethics for nurses on the coordination and continuum of care in nursing homes. Lastly, I will summarize the key ethical and policy issues affecting the coordination and continuum of care in nursing homes.
Slide 3: The agency for healthcare research and quality defines care coordination as the process of planning patient care activities and communicating information to all parties involved in a patient’s care to provide safer and more efficient care. It includes a series of actions that help patients and their families better self-manage their medical conditions and associated psychosocial issues, coordinate their care across various medical and community providers, close care gaps, and receive the right quality of care. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Slide 4: Care coordination in a nursing home involves these key processes: information sharing, effective communication, monitoring, and interprofessional collaboration. The roles of nurses in these facilities concerning care coordination are nursing leadership, patient advocacy & education, communication, and referral to community resources. According to a journal article by Weaver et al. in 2018, care coordination in most nursing homes requires a coordinator who is usually a nurse; plans and rules that include protocols of care; routines such as meetings where teams are updated; and defined roles for all stakeholders.
Slide 5: Ethics in healthcare, as defined by Buka (2020), refers to the rightness and wrongness of a clinician’s actions. There are four basic ethical principles: autonomy, nonmaleficence, justice, and benevolence. According to the American Nurses Association, there are nine provisions in the code of ethics for nurses, which were last revised in 2015. These codes guide nurses’ decision-making that require an ethical rather than clinical or legal basis. Laws, legislation, and policies govern the nursing practice from the legal perspective, according to Tingle & Cribb (2021)
Slide 6: Nursing homes, just like other long-term care facilities, must abide by government policies and legislation in healthcare. Nurses working in nursing homes are liable to legal implications of nursing home care that can result in imprisonment, criminal penalties, licensure restriction, or cancellations, among other disciplinary proceedings. Government policies regulate various care coordination aspects in nursing homes, such as communication, information sharing, health assurance, and end-of-life care. Some of the key policies relating to care coordination in nursing homes are the affordable care act (ACA), Medicaid, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), and the Nursing Homes Act of 1987 Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Slide 7: These illustrations highlight the aforementioned key government policies concerning care coordination in nursing homes. Medicaid provides insurance coverage to patients in nursing homes. Their issue reimbursements to facilities based on their eligibility criteria. ACA, enacted in 2010, has improved information access to consumers and thus improved utilization of nursing homes and consumer participation. HIPAA, enacted in 1996, protects sensitive patient information, and this impacts care coordination through information sharing.
Slide 8: Ethics and legislations overlap in some instances. The Nursing Home Reforms Act Of 1987 created the residents’ bill of rights. Residents in nursing homes have the freedom to leave these facilities at will. Attempts to involuntarily restrain them can legally lead to false imprisonment. Keeping these residents can be to their own advantage, which can interfere with patient autonomy. Nursing homes, as opposed to mental health units, are liable to false imprisonment policies. At admission to nursing homes, most facilities have their residents consent to these involuntary holds. The use of physical, chemical, and emotional restraints is unlawful in nursing homes. This creates an ethical dilemma when the nurse or the doctor must ensure residents’ safety in cases of risk of harm to self or others. Cases of cognitive decline among residents with Alzheimer’s disease result in aggression, agitation, or anxiety and may need the use of restraints. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Slide 9: Violation of the bill of rights from the Nursing Homes Act can lead to legal action, loss of licensure, disciplinary action by the state board of nursing, or even deterioration in care quality. Nursing actions can sometimes aim in the patient’s best interest, but the consequences may be remotely interpreted as a violation of federal policies and statutory laws. An example is emotional restraint use, where a nurse can explain to the patient the consequences of leaving the nursing home against medical advice. This can force the patient to stay against their will and can have a legal implication on the nurse’s actions.
Slide 10: Recently, nursing homes have been facing closures at very high rates. An article by McSweeney-Feld & Braunstein in 2020 presented a case study of nursing home closures in Maine. In their review article, Medicaid policies play an important part in these closures. Inadequate reimbursements from Medicaid, among other policy factors, have been implicated. Recent policies have also emphasized shorter stays for Medicare residents in these facilities. Therefore, this shows that there was a great need for care coordination at the state and federal levels of care governance. Collaborative consultation with nursing homes and all stakeholders should be emphasized to sustain nursing homes. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
Slide 11: The Code of Ethics for nurses by the American Nurses Association, last revised in 2015, is the backbone of ethical nursing decision-making in nursing care facilities. The majority of residents in nursing homes lack the independence or capacity to make decisions for themselves. As such, the nurses, as care coordinators, the code of ethics acts as an essential guide to decision making. Residents deserve quality care that can be achieved through care coordination. Enhancing care safety, patient-centeredness, effectiveness, efficiency, timeliness, and equity must be considered by coordinators. Healthy people 2020 and 2030 presented various social determinants of health, some of which apply greatly to nursing home settings. Discrimination, violence, racism, housing, education, literacy, income, and transportation are some of the critical determinants that must be addressed in care coordination in these settings. Disparities that arise from these determinants must be addressed during care coordination. Careful interpretation of the code of ethics for nurses can assist the nurses in decision-making while caring for various patients who are disadvantaged in nursing homes.
Slide 12: Ethical issues related to social determinants of health in nursing homes are discrimination, abuse, and access to quality care. Nurses and social workers must collaborate to minimize these disparities and ensure ethically just care and service distribution. Discrimination that arises in nursing homes is usually related to ageism, racism, disability, low decisional capacity, religion, and ethnicity. Violence and abuse are also common in nursing homes especially elderly abuse and psychomotor agitation from discrimination or cognitive issues among the elderly.
Slide 13: This presentation has highlighted key ethical and legal aspects of care coordination in nursing homes. Key processes in care coordination in nursing homes are information sharing, interprofessional collaboration, communication, and monitoring. Highlighted policies are Medicaid, ACA 2010, HIPAA 1996, and the nursing Homes Act 1987. Highlighted ethical issues are discrimination, access to care, and violence. Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
References
American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses: With interpretive statements. American Nurses Publishing.
Buka, P. (2020). Essential law and ethics in nursing: Patients, rights and decision-making. Routledge.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, June 28). Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). Cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/publications/topic/hipaa.html
Healthy People 2030, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, & Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.). Social Determinants of Health. Health.gov. Retrieved August 6, 2022, from https://health.gov/healthypeople/priority-areas/social-determinants-health
McSweeney-Feld, M. H., & Braunstein, N. (2020). The dilemma of nursing home closures: A case study of rural Maine nursing homes. Maine Policy Review, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.53558/mlqr9643
Scott, P. A. (Ed.). (2018). Key concepts and issues in nursing ethics. Springer International Publishing.
Tingle, J., & Cribb, A. (2021). Nursing law and ethics (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.
Weaver, S. J., Che, X. X., Petersen, L. A., & Hysong, S. J. (2018). Unpacking care coordination through a multiteam system lens: A conceptual framework and systematic review. Medical Care, 56(3), 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000000874 Ethical and Policy Factors in Care Coordination Essay Paper
