Application Of Theory Essay Discussion
Learning theories provide insights into practical approaches for enabling teachers to impact knowledge on learners. Teachers can utilize various learning theories when developing instructional activities to promote content retention and enhance learners’ competencies. According to Artino & Konopasky (2018), educational theories include learning approaches and instructional ideas that explain the underlying mechanisms pertinent to learning and teaching processes. In this sense, they help educators design instructions grounded in empirically testable principles instead of traditional approaches. As a result, learning theories enable educators to modify and improve learning and teaching approaches consistent with learners’ goals, performance, and learning needs. While learning theories provide an advanced perspective for enhancing learning and teaching strategies, this paper elaborates on the three primary learning approaches: sociocultural, behaviorism, and cognitivism. Also, it indicates instructional activities that are consistent with each theory Application Of Theory Essay Discussion.
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Sociocultural Learning Theory
The traditional learning approach positioned educators as the experts on all activities, including designing learning activities, curricula, and instructional activities without considering learning diversities and disparities among learners. However, this model is not applicable today due to the prevailing need for collaborative and peer teaching approaches. In this sense, learners are no longer passive recipients, and teachers are not the only source of experience, wisdom, and technical knowledge. Instead, teaching is now a multi-faceted concept that entails designing, organizing and supervising learning activities (Helou & Newsome, 2018)Application Of Theory Essay Discussion. Educators emphasize experimental teaching as an advanced learning and teaching paradigm to influence how learners acquire and apply knowledge. Such advances in teaching and learning approaches enable educators to use premises and insights from different learning theories.
The sociocultural learning theory is among the most effective approaches that provide insights into how learners acquire and apply knowledge. According to Helou & Newsome (2018), Lev Vygotsky conceptualized this theory to anchor the idea that cooperative interactions between learners and educators play a significant role in promoting role development and knowledge acquisition. According to the Vygotskian approach, the child’s cultural development appears twice: first, on the social level, and later on the individual level (Helou & Newsome, 2018). In this sense, other people’s roles and interactions at the inner psychological level can impact how learners acquire and synthesize knowledge at the intrapsychological (personal)Application Of Theory Essay Discussion level.
Instructional Activities Relevant to Sociocultural Learning Theory
Notably, it is possible to use the sociocultural learning theory in instructional planning because it emphasizes the rationale of bolstering social interactions among learners and educators. In this sense, teachers can utilize this theory to bridge chasms between learners and Improve performance. Therefore, instructional activities such as group discussions, debates, and peer instructions are consistent with the sociocultural approach since they capitalize on interactions among learners that translate to knowledge acquisition and retention.
Behaviorism Learning Theory
The behavioristic learning theory recognizes the role of environmental stimuli in facilitating the learning process. According to Anindyarini et al. (2018), the sociocultural perspective endorses the premise that environmental events affect human beings and influence how they acquire knowledge. This perspective is applicable in the classroom by understanding the stimulus-response learning approaches that emphasize the rationale of conditioning learning behaviors through positive stimuli. For example, educators can facilitate learning by rewarding positive performance. Further, educators can influence learning behaviors by enhancing interactions and creating positive stimuli. Application Of Theory Essay Discussion
It is possible to apply this theory in instructional planning since it entails creating positive stimuli and modifying the learning environment to facilitate knowledge acquisition and application. For instance, educators can use the behavioristic learning theory to develop instructional activities such as exit tickets, role-playing, and interactive demonstrations to enable knowledge retention and address learning disparities among learners.
Cognitivism Learning Theory
Unlike sociocultural and behaviorism, the cognitivism learning approach focuses on how learners receive, organize, retain, and retrieve information or knowledge. This theory entails individual-level and cognitive aspects that affect the learning process (Badyal & Singh, 2017)Application Of Theory Essay Discussion. Further, the approach represents internal cognitive restructuring due to dynamics in personal knowledge since learners develop capacity and skills for self-directed learning. Suppose learners cannot develop effective self-learning strategies. In that case, educators can facilitate the learning process by adopting appropriate approaches that enhance an individual’s cognitive capacity for acquiring, storing, and retrieving information.
The prospect of enhancing a learner’s cognitive capacity to acquire, store, and retrieve information or content renders the theory appropriate for instructional planning. For instance, educators must understand learners’ mental capacities and learning capabilities before developing instructional activities to address disparities and learning inequalities. As a result, they can apply various individualized and group instructional activities, including case studies, knowledge charts, interactive demonstrations, problem-based learning, and ice breakers to enhance the learning process.
Conclusion
Undoubtedly, applying learning theories in developing teaching plans and instructional activities enables educators to shift from the conventional teaching approaches to advanced practices that require collaboration between learners and educators. In this sense, sociocultural, behavioristic, and cognitivism theories enable educators to emphasize social interactions, modify learning environments, and understand cognitive factors that affect how learners acquire, retain, and retrieve information. As a result, these perspectives enable educators to address factors that create disparities and learning inequalities. Finally, the three learning theories allow educators to develop instructional activities consistent with learners’ needs, goals, and capabilities. Application Of Theory Essay Discussion
References
Anindyarini, A., Rokhman, F., Mulyani, M., & Andayani. (2018). Behavioristic theory and its application in the learning of speech. KnE Social Sciences, 3(9), 522. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i9.2714
Artino, A. R., & Konopasky, A. (2018). The practical value of educational theory for learning and teaching in graduate medical education. Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 10(6), 609–613. https://doi.org/10.4300/jgme-d-18-00825.1
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Badyal, D., & Singh, T. (2017). Learning theories: The basics to learn in medical education. International Journal of Applied and Basic Medical Research, 7(5), S1-3. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijabmr.ijabmr_385_17
Helou., M. M., & Newsome, L. K. (2018). Application of Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural approach to foster students’ understanding and learning performance. Journal of Education and Culture Studies, 2(4), 347–355. https://doi.org/10.22158/jecs.v2n4p347 Application Of Theory Essay Discussion
