Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, stroke, and heart failure pose a global health problem by increasing mortality, disability-adjusted life, lengthy hospitalization, increased care cost, and dependency on pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic rehabilitative interventions. According to Jeemon et al. (2021), about 9.1 million people die annually due to coronary heart disease. Further, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to approximately 180 million disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs). While heart disease inflicts a burden on individuals, families, and health systems, preliminary care coordination planning is essential for addressing risk factors for CVDs, collaborating with patients to implement evidence-based preventive and management approaches, and linking patients to community resources for improving the health and well-being. Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
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Heart Disease as a Health Concern
Undoubtedly, cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, stroke, and heart failure are the leading causes of preventable deaths and other adverse consequences. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2022), one person dies every 36 seconds in the United States from cardiovascular disease. Approximately 659000 people in the US die from heart disease every year, representing one in every four deaths. Further, the CDC (2022) indicates that heart disease inflicts a financial burden of about $363 billion from 2016 to 2017. The increased costs burden accounts for healthcare services, medications, and lost productivity due to death. Although each cardiovascular disease has a varying prevalence rate, it is essential to promote preventive behaviors and interventions by understanding their causative and contributing factors. Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
Risk Factors for Heart Disease and Best Practices
High blood pressure, increased blood cholesterol, and cigarette smoking are the primary risk factors for heart disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2021), about half of people in the United States have at least one of these causative factors. An unhealthy diet, overweight and obesity, and physical inactivity exacerbate the situation by contributing to increased blood cholesterol and unhealthy fat accumulation. Besides these factors, diabetes and excessive alcohol use contribute to heart disease. Knowing risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) enables healthcare professionals to coordinate care with patients and other care providers and improve patients’ quality of life.
It is possible to prevent and reduce CVDs prevalence by implementing multiple evidence-based practices, including physical activity, education about healthy living, and counseling people about stress management interventions (CDC, 2021). Further, Mayo Clinic (2022) supports the application of tobacco use and smoking cessation programs, setting targets for daily physical activity, incorporating heart-healthy diet plans, stress management, and good sleeping patterns as ideal strategies for preventing heart disease. Notably, the effectiveness of these interventions depends massively on interdisciplinary collaboration between healthcare professionals, patients, and caregivers to eliminate points of uncertainty and underlying perceptions that compromise preventive behaviors. Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
Underlying Assumptions and Points of Uncertainty
Although non-pharmacologic interventions for preventing and managing heart disease present evidence-based alternatives, the target population may compromise their effectiveness by upholding unhealthy perceptions. Examples of these perceptions include the belief that smoking cessation may harm the body, the perception of fear towards physical activities, and uncertainties surrounding access to healthy foods. Healthcare professionals should address these perceptions by involving patients in collaborative decisions regarding care plans.
Specific Goals Established to Address Heart Disease
It is essential to set achievable, measurable, and specific when developing a preliminary care plan for patients with heart disease. In this sense, proper planning is profound in eliminating points of uncertainty and addressing underlying perceptions that compromise preventive behaviors. The specific goals established for this preliminary care plan include: Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
- Involving patients in at least 20-30 minutes of daily physical activity, including jogging and walking at a brisk pace.
- Interacting with patients through weekly educational sessions regarding healthy diet plans
- Counseling patients and enhancing their awareness of stress management interventions such as relaxation exercises or meditation
- Motivating patient to quitting smoking and tobacco use by setting goals and providing alternatives cues such as chewing gums and patches.
Community Resources
Patients with cardiovascular diseases can access free diagnostic services from community healthcare organizations. Also, they can access free information regarding CVD management and prevention available in proximal health institutions. Alternatively, national organizations such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Health Association (AHA), and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) provide accessible and credible information regarding self-care interventions for preventing and managing heart disease. These organizations provide opportunities for patients to develop plans for physical activity and healthy diets. Also, they allow people to plan for smoking cessation programs by providing online challenges and initiatives Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease.
Conclusion
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a health and economic concern by resulting in mortalities, increased care costs, disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs), and compromised quality of life. The risk factors for CVDs are obesity and overweight, cigarette smoking and tobacco use, alcoholism, unhealthy diet, diabetes, and physical inactivity. As a result, the knowledge of causative and contributing factors enable patients and healthcare professionals to implement evidence-based practices such as stress management, healthy diet plans, and physical activities. A preliminary care coordination plan is essential for allowing collaboration between healthcare professionals and patients to address barriers to preventive behaviors. Also, the plan links patients with available community resources for bolstering people’s knowledge and providing information regarding evidence-based practices for preventing and managing CVDs Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease.
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, September 27). About heart disease. Retrieved March 22, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/about.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022, February 7). Heart disease facts. Retrieved March 22, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm
Jeemon, P., Harikrishnan, S., Ganapathi, S., Sivasankaran, S., Binukumar, B., Padmanabhan, S., Tandon, N., & Prabhakaran, D. (2021). Efficacy of a family-based cardiovascular risk reduction intervention in individuals with a family history of premature coronary heart disease in India (prolific): An open-label, single-center, Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. The Lancet Global Health, 9(10), e1442–e1450. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(21)00319-3
Mayo Clinic. (2022, January 14). Top strategies to prevent heart disease. Retrieved March 22, 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/heart-disease-prevention/art-20046502 Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
Preparation
Imagine that you are a staff nurse in a community care center. Your facility has always had a dedicated case management staff that coordinated the patient plan of care, but recently, there were budget cuts and the case management staff has been relocated to the inpatient setting. Care coordination is essential to the success of effectively managing patients in the community setting, so you have been asked by your nurse manager to take on the role of care coordination. You are a bit unsure of the process, but you know you will do a good job because, as a nurse, you are familiar with difficult tasks. As you take on this expanded role, you will need to plan effectively in addressing the specific health concerns of community residents. Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
To prepare for this assessment, you may wish to:
- Review the assessment instructions and scoring guide to ensure that you understand the work you will be asked to complete.
- Allow plenty of time to plan your chosen health care concern.
Instructions
Develop the Preliminary Care Coordination Plan
Complete the following:
- Identify a health concern as the focus of your care coordination plan. In your plan, please include physical, psychosocial, and cultural needs. Possible health concerns may include, but are not limited to:
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- Stroke.
- Heart disease (high blood pressure, stroke, or heart failure).
- Home safety.
- Pulmonary disease (COPD or fibrotic lung disease).
- Orthopedic concerns (hip replacement or knee replacement).
- Cognitive impairment (Alzheimer’s disease or dementia).
- Pain management.
- Mental health.
- Trauma.
- Identify available community resources for a safe and effective continuum of care.
Document Format and Length
- Your preliminary plan should be an APA scholarly paper, 3-4 pages in length.
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- Remember to use active voice, this means being direct and writing concisely; as opposed to passive voice, which means writing with a tendency to wordiness.
- In your paper include possible community resources that can be used.
- Be sure to review the scoring guide to make sure all criteria are addressed in your paper.
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- Study the subtle differences between basic, proficient, and distinguished.
Supporting Evidence
Cite at least two credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications that support your preliminary plan.
Grading Requirements
The requirements, outlined below, correspond to the grading criteria in the Preliminary Care Coordination Plan Scoring Guide, so be sure to address each point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
- Analyze your selected health concern and the associated best practices for health improvement.
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- Cite supporting evidence for best practices.
- Consider underlying assumptions and points of uncertainty in your analysis.
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- Describe specific goals that should be established to address the health care problem.
- Identify available community resources for a safe and effective continuum of care.
- Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.
- Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.
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- Write with a specific purpose with your patient in mind.
- Adhere to scholarly and disciplinary writing standards and current APA formatting requirements Preliminary Care Coordination Plan for Heart Disease
